Metal shingle and roof



Aug. 30, 1938.

v- P. McvoY METAL SHINGLE AND ROOF 2v sheets-sheet 1 Filed July 16, 1956Snoentor Bg y Wc Voy Aug. 3o, 193s. v, R MCVOY 2,128,836

METAL sHINGLE AND ROOF Filed July 16, 1936 2 Sheets-Shea?l 2 CilPatented Aug. 30, 1938 UNITED? STATES PATENT OFFICE I: The presentinvention relates to shingles and roofs constructed ofthe same.

An object of the present invention' is to provide a sheet metal shinglewhich may be of unit construction and which may be pressed or otherwisesuitably constructed to provide intersecting crimps which are sodisposed in the vbody portion of the shingle that a plurality of theshingles may be interlocked from relative sliding or shifting movementin various combinations of the shingles and by the use of relatively fewfastening devices for holding the shingles to the main portion of theroof.

Another object of the present invention is to n provide a metal shingleo-f such construction that it provides the required interlockingfeatures and at the same time admits of quick and easy transportation ofthe shingles in that the structure of the shingles admits of the nestingof relatively largeA numbers of the shingles in a small space andwherein the shingles when stacked or packed or nested in the space arealso interlocked against relatively edgewise displacement.

Another feature of the invention is to provide a metal shingle ofrectangular equilateral construction having reinforcingv and'interlocking crimps or beads providing grooves on the underside of theshingle and beads at the upper side for interlocking engagement withadjacent shingles, the beads being suitably spaced between and `disposedin parallel relation to the lateral edges of the shingle so that aplurality of the shingles may be overlapped and interlockedV in variouspositions relatively to one another, and wherein the beads or crimpsmaintain the body portion-of the shinglerelatively stiff so thatrelatively few fastening devices may be used at adjacent edge portionsof the shingle.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a` roof composedof metal shingles having intersecting crimps adjacent their marginaledges and which extend through the edges to provide corner interlocksfor the shingles to maintain the same from relative shifting in the roofstructure and wherein the shingles may be used in whole and infractionsthereof to completely cover the roof structureand at the same timeafford the necessary interlock between all shingles and portionsthereof.

Another object of the invention is to provide a shingle which admits ofconstruction in various shapes, such as ;v rectangular, triangular,hexagon and the like and which provides a shingle roof whereinthefshingles are more. firmly held in 'placethan known structures and bythe use of fewer nails or the like than is now the practice.

A still further object of the invention is to provvide a shingle whichmay be stamped and crimped out of sheet metal and which may be stackedin 5 piles lof desired height with the' sheet metal body portions lyingin close face to face contact with onev another throughout the stack soas to occupy relatively small space and admit large numbers of theshingles being stored in railroad cars and other places of storageV forcheap transportation and storage, and to provide a relatively stronglybraced and light shingle easily and quickly laid on a roof. Y

The invention also provides an improved eaves I5 strip for finishing theeaves of a. roof andfor interlocking engagement with the shingles of theinvention to hold the same in line andV properly cover the roof.

With the foregoing and other objects in View, the invention will be morefully described hereinafter, and will be more particularly pointed outin the claims appended hereto.

In theV drawings, wherein like symbols refer to like or correspondingparts throughout the several vv25 views:

tion.

` Figure 2 is a detail enlarged perspective view130 of a section of theroof, showing the overlapping and interlocked shingles constructed anddisposed according to the present invention.`

Figure 3 is a detail bottom plan view of one of the shingles.

Figure 4 is a transverse section taken through the sameon the line 4-4vof Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of a stack or pile of shinglesconstructed according to the present invention.

` Figure 6 is a perspective view of a pair of the shingles disclosed inpartially overlapping position and in offset alinement.

Figure '7 is a top plan view of a slightly modified form of shingle.

Figure 8 is a transverse section taken through the'same on` the line 8 8of Figure '7.

Figure 9=is a'fragmentary perspective View of a-rooi-sectionV having theeaves strips and shinglesof this invention in interlocking positionmoand y Figure` 10 isa face viewof an eaves strip [adapted for use withthe shingles of this ,in-

Vention.

ReferringY now to the drawings; andk first to 55 Figures 1 to 6, I5designates the body portion of a shingle which is made of sheetmaterial, such as metal, and which may be cut to any desired andpractical configuration, such as in rectangular form as shown in Figures3 and 'l or which may be made in hexagonal form as shown in Figure 9.Other forms of the body portion I5 may be resorted to, depending uponconditions and design of the roof structure.

The body portion E5 is provided with pressed beads I6 which are disposedin parallel relation to one another, are located in spaced relation tothe opposite edges of the body portion I5, and one of which ispreferably disposed intermediate the edge beads to stiffen and reinforcethe body portion I5.

A second groupA or series of beads I'I is also pressed in the bo-dyportion I5 at right angles to the beads I6 and which are disposed inparallel relation through the intermediate portion of the body I5. Thesebeads I6 and I'l intersect or are crossed in the body portion I5 atpoints I8 which provide interlocks and interbracing portions of theshingle, the ends of the beads I6 and j I'I extending beyond theintersections I8 and through the adjacent outer marginal edges of thebody portion.

This body structure of the shingle thus provides on the upper face ofthe shingle raised beads which stiffen and reinforce the body portion,which divide the same into quarters or sections, and which also provideinterlocks for engagernent in the corresponding grooves I9 at theunderside of an adjacent shingle.k These beads are pressed upwardly anduniformly in all of the body portions I5 so that the shingles may bestacked in large numbers and in a relatively small space, as shown inFigure 5-. The shingles thus lie in face to face engagement in the stackand the interfitting beads I6 and I'I hold the stack in true alinementand prevent the accidental edgewlse displacement of the shingle in anydirection.

The shingles I5 are provided with edge flanges or extensions 2l] whichlie outside of the adjacent beads IB and I'I, are disposed in thegeneral plane of the body portion I5 and lie flat uponrthe roof 2|, asshown in Figure l to receive nails or other suitable fastening devices22 for holding the shingles firmly to the roof structure.

In laying the roof a row of cut shingles 23 may first be secured alongthe eaves of the roof. Each shingle section 23 is provided by cutting ashingle substantially diagonally a little below the opposed cornersthereof as shown in Figure 2,v The shinlgle sections 23 are disposedwith their apices uppermost and with their adjacent lower cornerportions overlapped. This overlapping of the corner portions brings apair of the bead intersections I into overlapping relation so as tofirmly interlock the shingle sections 23 against relative movement inany direction. The intersections I8 providebead portions which not onlycross and intersect but which also extend in angular relation to eachother so that the intersections I8 when overlapped and intertted Ycannot relatively shift in any direction.

Of course the eaves of the roof may be finished in any suitable manner,and guttering or the likel may be applied if desired. The shingles I5are now laid upon the roof. The rst row of complete shingles isinterlocked with the eaves row of shingle sections 23 by disposing theshingles I5 diagonally with respect to the slope of the root` roof.

and with their lower edge portions overlapping Y the upper edge portionsof the sections 23, and

with the lower corners of the shingles I5 overlapping the intersectionsIB of the sections 23. Thus, the intersections I8 of the shinglesections 23 and of the adjacent shingles I5 are disposed in superposedand overlapping relation so that all parts are interlocked.Additionally, the diagonally opposite corners of the shingles I5 andtheir intersections I8 are overlapped and interlocked with the points orupper ends of the sections 23. In a like manner, as shown in Figure 2, asecond row of shingles I5 is intertted between the upwardly extendingpoints or corners of the first row of shingles, the marginal edgeportions of the shingles being overlapped and interlocked, particularlyat the locations of the intersections I8.

The nails or other fastening devices 22 are preferably secured throughthe Yflanges 20 of the upper sides of the shingles or the shinglesections 23 as lshownv in Figure 2 so that the nails are covered by theoverlapping next row of shingles and are thus protected from theelements, and danger of leakage of the roof incident to use of thefastening devices is eliminated, and the shingles are held firmly inplace and against lifting or rolling up at their lower free edgeportions, particularly since the shingles are reinforced by the beads I6and I'I.

A ridge cap or. strip 24 of usual construction may be placed over theridge of the roof as shown in Figure 1 to complete the ridge of theroof.

The structure of the shingles lends itself to manufacture from metal andvarious other materials capable of being moulded, pressed, stamped orotherwise manufactured. The shingles lie in sheets, and by Virtue of theparticular arrangement and construction of the beads I 6 and I'I, arerelatively stiff and strong and resist lifting by wind and the like inuse.

As a slight modification, the shingle may be constructed as shown inFigures '7 and 8. 'I'his construction admits of obtaining a desirednumber of shingles from a relatively small sheet of stock andaccomplishes the result by omitting the marginal flanges 20 at the loweror exposed edges of the shingle, leaving a plane edge 25 provided by"the edges of the adjacent beads I6 and II. 't

The invention also provides, as shown in Figure l0 and as a modificationas shown in Figure 2, an eaves strip 29 which is of convenient lengthhaving a straight edge along its bottom with a flange 36 adapted to bebent down about the lower edge of the roof 2I` and secured thereto bynails or'the like through openings 3|. One end of the eaves strip 29 mayhave a perpendicular edge having an end flange 32 adapted to be bentdown and secured to the adjacentvedge of the The strip 29 is thussecured to the roof in a definite position determined by the anges and32, and the strip 29 is provided with beads 33 disposed diagonally andin upwardly convergent relation in the strip 29 from its bottom liange30. These beads V33 are offset sufficiently to cross and intersect, asat near the upper and lower edges of the strip 29, and the beads withtheir intersections 34 are located -and proportioned relatively to theshingles l5, or the like, to cooperate therewith and interlock theshingles of the eaves strip 29 in proper position upon the roof. It willbe noted from-Figure 10 that the opposite end of the strip'29 is kcutdiagonally so Vthat the adjacent bead 33 isdisposed in parallel relationto the adjacent edge of the strip 29. A flange 35, similar to theflanges 2U of the shingles, projects from the diagonally out end of thestrip 29 for the reception of a nail or other fastening device.

When the shingles I5 are overlapped in the roof structure in accordancewith Figure 2, there is provided a four-foldV overlap at the corners ofthe shingles. This laying of the shingles may be accomplished withoutany appreciable amount of skill but where skill is obtainable, theshingles l5 may be laid in accordance with the showing in Figure 6 andwherein but three layers of material are provided in the overlap. Inthis instance,

the shingles l5 are offset or stepped relativelyy a distance equal toone-half of the width of the shingle, in an edgewise direction, so thatone edge bead l1 of one shingle overlaps and interlocks with theintermediate bead l1 of an adjacent shingle. It will be noted that thefastening devices 22 may be secured through the flanges 20 of theoverlying shingle which will tend to better hold the shingles inoverlapping and interlocked relation.

Of course the eaves strips or sections will have to be cut outaccordingly to ll in and interlock with the lower row of shingles. Theshingles are preferably made of material which admits the i quick andeasy cutting thereof by shears or the beads extending in rectangularlyintersecting groups with the beads of each group disposed in parallelrelation and extending between and through the opposite edges of theshingle body, all of said beads being of uniform cross sectionthroughout their lengths and at their intersections to provide identicaland uniform interlocks with superposed shingles, to prevent pocketing ofwater between the beads and to admit stamping out of the galvanizedmetal shingle without drawing or cracking of the galvanized coating atthe intersections of the beads.

2. A metallic shingle roof, comprising rectangular sheet metal shinglesand edging shingles, said edging shingles having triangular portions andsaid rectangular shingles adapted yto overlap in diagonal relation uponeach other and upon the edging shingles, said rectangular andv edgingshingles having rectangularly intersecting groups of beads pressed fromone'side of the shingles, the beads of each group being disposed inparallel relation and all of the beads being of the same and of uniformcross sectional area throughout their lengths and at their intersectionsand extending through their respective edges of the shingles, wherebyupon the laying v of the edging shingles about a roof the'rectangularshingles may be diagonally overlapped and interlocked therewith at thepoints of intersection of the beads, and the rectangular shingles andWidths. VINCEN P. MCVOY.

